2. Highlights & Heroes of Mongolian Buddhism

Buddhism

courtesy of FPMT Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

 

Buddhism, one of the fastest growing religions in the West, started in India. Over 2,500 years ago, Shakyamuni Buddha attained enlightenment under the bodhi tree and began teaching the sutra and tantric paths to liberation and full enlightenment. By the 3rd Century B.C., Mongolia had adopted these precious teachings.

Khamba Lama Choijamts

Mongolian states of Khunuu and Neron had Buddhism as their state religions. Several ancient Mongolian states had Buddhism as their state religions. That was the first stage of Buddhism up until Chinggis Khan.

Early Mongolian Buddhism

The Great Khan's armies conquered all of Asia except Tibet. Tibetans first maintained their independence by paying tax. When Chinggis Khan died, Prince Godon requested Sakyapandita to come to Mongolia to teach Buddhism to the Mongolian people.

Sakyapandita traveled with his nephews as hostages to Mongolia in order to avoid bloodshed and mass destruction. They soon succeeded in converting the Godon Khan to Buddhism. The Sakyapandita was the supreme ornament of the Kublai Khan's kingdom after his arrival. The purity of his attainments and his teachings created great faith in the Buddhist path among the Kublai Khan and his court.

After the death of Sakyapandita, his nephew, Fogsma Lama, took his place, becoming the Kublai Khan's spiritual advisor and teacher.

Buddhism was the most popular religion in court circles but did not blossom in the general population until Altan Khan invited the Tibetan lama, Sonam Gyatso, to Mongolia in 1578.

Khamba Lama Choijamts

From the Kublai Khan to the Togon Timo Khan, there were 16 kings in the Mongolian-Yuan Dynasty Empire. At that time, everybody regarded Buddhism as the state religion for two to three hundred years. Buddhism was the most important religion in Mongolia. That was the middle stage of Buddhism. Then the 3rd Dalai Lama came to Mongolia.

 

The Dalai Lama →

 

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  • attained: to succeed in getting something, usually after a lot of effort
  • stage: a separate part that a process is divided into
  • conquered: to take control of a country or city and its people by force
  • hostages: people who are the prisoners of someone who threatens to kill them if they do not get what they want
  • bloodshed: the killing or wounding of people, usually during fighting or a war
  • blossom: to grow well, increase suddenly
  • regarded: to think about somebody/something in a particular way

Ref: Google Dictionary, Oxford Learners Dictionaries, kids.wordsmyth.com, MacMillan Dictionary, Word Hippo

  • attained: олж авсан - голдуу их хүчин чармайлтын дараа ямар нэг зүйл авахад амжилтанд хүрэх
  • stage: үе шат - процесс хуваагдах тусдаа хэсэг
  • conquered: эзэлсэн - улс орон, хот, ард түмний хүчээр хяналт тавих
  • hostages: барьцаалагчид - хэрэв хүсээгүй зүйлээ олж аваагүй бол түүнийг алахаар заналхийлж байгаа хэн нэгний хоригдлууд
  • bloodshed: цус урсгалт - ихэвчлэн тулалдаан буюу дайны үед хүмүүсийг хөнөөх, шархдуулах
  • blossom: Цэцэглэх - сайн ургах, гэнэт нэмэгдэнэ
  • regarded: Үүнд: хэн нэгэн / ямар нэгэн зүйлийг тодорхой арга замаар бодох

Source: Translate.Google.com

  • attained: қол жеткізді - әдетте көп күш жұмсалғаннан кейін бірдеңе алудың сәті түсті
  • stage: саты - бұл процесс бөлінген бөлек
  • conquered: жеңіске жетті - ел немесе қала мен оның халқын күшпен бақылауға алу
  • hostages: кепілсіз адамдар - егер олар өздері қалаған нәрсені алмаса, оларды өлтіруге қатер төндіретін адамның тұтқыны
  • bloodshed: қантөгісті - соғыс кезінде немесе соғыс кезінде адамдардың өлтірілуі немесе жаралануы
  • blossom: гүлдену - жақсы өсіп, кенеттен өседі
  • regarded: біреу / бір нәрсе туралы белгілі бір жолмен ойлану

Source: Translate.Google.com

 

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